An increase in temperature of up to 2.5 °C by 2050 is predicted to increase the frequency of extreme events such as floods and droughts

Climate change poses significant challenges to Kenya, a country heavily dependent on agriculture and natural resources. The impacts are already being felt through rising temperatures, unpredictable rainfall, prolonged droughts, and extreme weather events such as floods and landslides. These changes are affecting livelihoods, food security, and economic stability.

Agricultural Impacts

Kenya’s economy is largely agrarian, with farming employing a majority of the population. Unpredictable rainfall patterns and prolonged droughts have reduced crop yields and livestock productivity. Staple crops such as maize and beans have suffered, leading to increased food insecurity. Additionally, water scarcity caused by reduced rainfall has limited irrigation, compounding the agricultural challenges.

Water Resources

Rivers and lakes, such as Lake Victoria and Lake Turkana, have experienced fluctuating water levels, threatening aquatic life and communities relying on fishing. Decreasing glacial coverage on Mount Kenya is another concern, as it affects water availability for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use.

Wildlife and Tourism

Kenya’s rich biodiversity and iconic wildlife, critical to its tourism sector, are also under threat. Changing climates are disrupting animal migration patterns and reducing habitats. For example, droughts are depleting waterholes and grazing lands in national parks, putting species like elephants and lions at risk.

Urban Challenges

Urban areas, particularly Nairobi and Mombasa, are facing increased flooding due to heavy rains, overwhelming drainage systems, and poor urban planning. These floods cause property damage, displacement, and health risks such as waterborne diseases.

Mitigation and Adaptation Efforts

The Kenyan government has implemented strategies like the Climate Change Act (2016) and the National Climate Change Action Plan to address these challenges. These initiatives focus on sustainable energy, reforestation, and community resilience programs. The promotion of renewable energy, particularly solar and wind, has made Kenya a leader in green energy in Africa.

Call to Action

While efforts are underway, more needs to be done. Strengthening international partnerships, enhancing public awareness, and supporting grassroots initiatives are crucial in combating climate change. Collective action is essential to ensure a sustainable future for Kenya’s people, economy, and environment.

By addressing climate change head-on, Kenya can protect its rich natural heritage and secure its path toward sustainable development.